Artificial Intelligence Modelling Language (AIML)

• Categories – Defines the knowledge unit
• Patterns – Defines a string of characters intended to match one or more user inputs.
• Templates – A template specifies the response to a matched pattern. Template elements include basic text formatting, conditional response and random responses.
  Templates may also redirect to other patterns, using an element called srai (Symbolic Reduction in Artificial Intelligence).
• Star – Are used to match wildcard * character(s) in the <pattern> Tag.
• Srai – Used to call/match the other categories.
• Random – Used to get random response
• li – used to represent multiple responses.
• set -used to set value in AIML variable
• get – used to get value from the AIML variable
• that – used to respond based on the context.
• topic – used to store context so that conversations later can be based on  that context
• think – used to store variable without notifying the user
• condition – used to respond to matching inputs.

Suppose, we want our bot to help us with the city details of :

1. Location of x
2. Map of x
3. Weather in x

x refers to a city of the world. We can use free resources from Wikipedia, Google Maps and Weather-Forecast.com to help us with the data rather than populating our bot with tons of information.

AIML is an XML based markup language meant to create artificial intelligent applications.

AIML makes it possible to create human interfaces while keeping the implementation simple to program, easy to understand and highly maintainable.

There are AIML interpreters available in Pascal, C++, C#, Phyton, Java, Ruby and other languages.

For our above example, in our xm file,l we can insert a new category and  put “Location of * “ between the pattern tags.  Here * is a wild card means one or more words.

So it can cover inputs like Location of BrightSword IT Services,  Location of Infosys, Location of TCS etc., Next,  between the template tag, we need to fill data from the Wikipedia page.

Lets understand with an example.

Our xml file will consist of

<category>

<pattern>Location of * </pattern>

<template> Here are some information about <star/>

<button>

<text> Please Click Here </text>

<url>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/<star/></url>

</button>

</template>

</category>

When this category is loaded, an AIML bot will respond to the input “Location of * ”

So if we say, “Location of Singapore”, the URL will become https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singapore

and load the details of Singapore from Wikipedia  in a new tab when we click the button.